Neurosurgical Pathologies and Procedures

Lumbar Disc Herniation

Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery

Disc herniation surgery is performed under general anesthesia to ensure patient comfort throughout the procedure. The patient is positioned prone (lying face down) on the operating table. The surgical approach and duration depend on the technique used, whether endoscopic, microscopic, or open, and typically range from 40 minutes to 1.5 hours.

The surgery involves accessing the affected area of the spine through a small incision. After carefully opening the ligamentum flavum, the herniated disc material is visualized under a microscope or endoscope for precision. If a discectomy is performed, the surgeon removes the fragmented portion of the disc causing nerve compression or being loose and risking a redo-herniation of the disc. In cases where a discectomy is not performed, the aim is to relieve pressure without extensive removal of the disc material.

Mobilization is generally immediate after the procedure, allowing patients to walk and begin recovery soon after surgery. Hospital stays vary based on the technique used, ranging from 1 day for minimally invasive procedures to 5 days for more extensive open surgeries. Return to work depends on the patient’s profession but typically ranges between 4 weeks and 3 months. The procedure is designed to alleviate symptoms such as pain, numbness, or weakness caused by nerve compression, while promoting a quick return to daily activities.